Peter Fecci in scrubs, cap, mask, and special glasses, with two colleagues in the surgical suite
Neurosurgeon Peter Fecci, MD, PhD, performs a LITT procedure (Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy), guided by MRI. (photo by Jared Lazarus)

With New Center, DCI Tackles Brain Metastasis Head-On

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Man and woman seated at a restaurant table lean into each other smiling
Dave and Lisa VanTress enjoy a nice dinner in July 2017-- the week before heading to Duke for Lisa's brain surgery.
Woman in an orange hoodie and gray cap holds several fish tied on a line
Lisa VanTress proudly displays her catch of the day.

During the summer of 2016 Dave and Lisa VanTress retired from their jobs in Syracuse, New York, and headed south to the sunny shores of South Carolina, where they could be close to family and indulge their passion for fishing. They bought a townhouse in Little River, a five-minute drive to the beach.

Around Mother’s Day weekend the following year, Dave and Lisa, the parents of six grown children, embarked on a 12-hour fishing charter. Three hours motoring out to sea. Six hours fishing. And three hours back. They caught a lot of fish that day.

“It was a great trip, but when I got off the boat, I couldn’t regain my ‘land legs,’” said Lisa VanTress, then 55 years old. “I was unstable on my feet. For the next couple days, I was stumbling around and I even fell down the stairs.”

She was treated for suspected seasonal allergies. But within a week-and-a-half, she took a nasty tumble while getting into bed. A trip to the emergency department (ED) revealed, by her description, “two huge cancerous brain tumors.” Further investigation indicated, to her surprise, that she had lung cancer.

Nearly 150,000 Americans annually are diagnosed with cancer that has metastasized, or traveled, to the brain. The number is projected to rise. Because of a larger aging population, combined with improvements in cancer screening and care, up to 30 percent of patients with solid tumor cancers (mainly lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, genitourinary cancers, and renal cell carcinoma) can expect their cancer to spread to the brain.

Duke Cancer Institute (DCI) is addressing the needs of these patients head-on. This past fall, DCI, in collaboration with the Department of Neurosurgery and the Translating Duke Health Initiative, launched the Duke Center for Brain and Spine Metastasis at Duke Cancer Institute — an outgrowth of the Duke Brain Metastasis Program.

Co-directing the new multi-disciplinary center are neurosurgeon Peter Fecci, MD, PhD, breast oncologist Kimberly Blackwell, MD, and radiation oncologist John Kirkpatrick, MD, PhD.  

Surgeons, oncologists, and radiation oncologists affiliated with the center are nationally known for their use of cutting-edge technologies that prolong life, and the center is actively both participating in and sponsoring groundbreaking research to better understand brain and spine metastasis and develop new treatments.

"Brain metastasis used to be viewed as a death sentence and patients were rarely even offered surgical treatment, but as the quality of our treatments has improved, so has survival,” said Fecci, who launched the Duke Brain Metastasis Program shortly after he arrived at Duke in 2014. “Some of my first patients are still alive and doing well, while a decade ago that type of survival was just a dream.”

VanTress eventually found her way to Fecci’s operating room — a three-hour drive from home — after initially being told by her local oncologist she should fly her family in and get her affairs in order because there was nothing more to be done. And, so, she did, anticipating the end was near. However, her eldest brother, a hospital CEO in a neighboring county, quickly made some phone calls and connected her with Duke for a second opinion.

Peter Fecci in his lab coat
Peter Fecci, MD, PhD, a co-director of the new Duke Center for Brain and Spine Metastasis and director of the Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program. (photo by Jared Lazarus)

Mecca For Brain Tumor Patients

Peter Fecci, MD, PhD, a co-director of the new Duke Center for Brain and Spine Metastasis and director of the Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program. (photo by Jared Lazarus)Peter Fecci, MD, PhD, a co-director of the new Duke Center for Brain and Spine Metastasis and director of the Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program. (photo by Jared Lazarus)“From a brain tumor perspective, Duke is really Mecca for brain metastasis patients — a population that has been traditionally cast aside,” said Fecci, who, last summer successfully removed both of VanTress’ tumors, even though outside of Duke they were deemed inoperable. Scott Floyd, MD, PhD, a prominent Duke radiation oncologist within the center, followed her surgery with a stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) procedure, the application of surgically precise focused beams of radiation to the tumor sites.

“At Duke, we’ve changed our approach to these patients to be more aggressive in terms of what we can offer them, with the recognition that it provides benefit,” said Fecci.

VanTress’ last brain MRI, taken this February, showed no cancer.

Stereotactic radiosurgery, in addition to surgery, is a frontline therapy at Duke for the treatment of brain metastases (in lieu of whole-brain radiation), offering excellent local control of brain metastases with lower rates of toxicity. Its use is also expanding for patients with multiple brain metastases.

“We really feel that SRS, with or without preceding surgical resection, is the gold standard for care,” said Fecci.

Hundreds of SRS procedures on brain metastases are conducted at Duke yearly, and Duke’s radiation oncologists, including Kirkpatrick and Floyd, said Fecci, are some of the thought leaders in the field.

A relatively new minimally-invasive surgical technology — laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT), guided by an intraoperative MRI — is another technological advancement drawing brain metastasis patients to Duke.

Offered at only a handful of other centers nationwide, Duke is one of the highest volume centers that offer this procedure, in which targeted doses of laser heat are used to treat recurrent lesions or those that are too difficult to remove by open surgery. It’s also used to treat radiation necrosis (tissue damage) caused by previous radiation. Fecci performs 20 to 30 LITT procedures per year, and he said those numbers are rising quickly.

Lisa and Dave VanTress smiling at Dr. Jeffrey Clarke as he speaks to them in a clinic room
Lisa VanTress and her husband Dave get good news from her thoracic oncologist, Jeffrey Clarke, MD.

Streamlined Care

Working closely with patients’ primary oncologists — including those treating thoracic, breast, melanoma, renal carcinoma and gastrointestinal cancers — the Duke Brain and Spine Metastasis Center provides comprehensive care to all patients with brain metastases, regardless of their primary tumor site.

“There are few places in oncology where multi-disciplinary input is as critical as it is with the care of patients with brain metastases,” said interim director of the melanoma program, April Salama, MD. “We often use many different treatment modalities — surgery, radiation, and drug therapies.”

A patient navigator, Natalie Ashley, joined the center last month to ensure continuity of care across disciplines. She is helping to guide brain metastasis patients through the complex cancer care system — from addressing barriers to access, to providing emotional support, to ensuring timely access to brain and spine metastasis treatment and coordinating patient care between multiple cancer-related disciplines including (but not limited to) medical oncology, radiation oncology, neurosurgery and palliative care.

A multi-disciplinary tumor board made up of neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, radiation oncologists, radiologists, and pathologists meets weekly to discuss patient cases. A steering committee for the center also meets regularly.

“The development of brain metastases is a common event for so many of our patients, particularly those with lung cancer,” noted thoracic oncologist Jeffrey Clarke, MD, who’s treating Lisa VanTress’ lung cancer. “The center will help to facilitate the multidisciplinary and high-quality care these patients need and promote a new wave of research to help future patients.”

The center has already awarded two $50,000 grants, with the possibility of an extension to $100,000 in the second year; one to Fecci — focused on overcoming T cell exhaustion as a means of improving immune based therapies for tumors within the brain — and the other to Anne Marie Pendergast, PhD, for identifying actionable signaling networks that promote breast cancer metastasis to the brain.  

There are a variety of neurosurgery, radiation oncology and medical oncology treatment trials currently available at Duke that focus on patients with brain metastases. The various cancer sub-specialty programs also have trials open that are available to all cancer patients, including those with brain metastases.

Duke Cancer Institute director and steering committee member Michael Kastan, MD, PhD, hailed the opening of the new center.

“We hope to set a new paradigm for how doctors all over the country will treat this devastating complication of cancer,” he said.

This page was reviewed on 02/15/2018